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Design Engineering Notes

Design Engineering Notes
Contributed by Harsh Patel
Pune, India
476 Pages

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This is a collection of practical mechanical and design engineering notes, calculations, manufacturing technology and solutions.

TABLE OF CONTENTS. 2
BASIC MANUFACTURING 7
INTRODUCTION 7
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - 8
MANUFACTURING COST ESTIMATING 9
COSTS ESTIMATES 9
COGS (COST OF GOODS SOLD) - - 14
VALUE ENGINEERING 14
REFERENCES - 14
BASIC CUTTING TOOLS . 15
CUTTING SPEEDS, FEEDS, TOOLS AND TIMES - - 15
HIGH SPEED MACHINING 16
REFERENCES - 17
CUTTING THEORY.. 17
CHIP FORMATION 17
THE MECHANISM OF CUTTING - - 18
POWER CONSUMED IN CUTTING 25
PRACTICE QUESTIONS - - 31
TEMPERATURES IN CUTTING 39
TOOL WEAR - - 39
CUTTING TOOL MATERIALS - 41
TOOL LIFE 43
REFERENCES - 51
PRACTICE PROBLEMS 52
SAWS 55
SPEEDS AND FEEDS - - 56
PRACTICE PROBLEMS 56
DRILLING.. 57
TYPES OF DRILL PRESSES 57
TYPICAL DRILL PRESS OPERATIONS 57
TYPICAL DRILL BITS - 59
DRILLING PROCESS PARAMETERS - - 66
PRACTICE PROBLEMS 68
LATHES .. 71
INTRODUCTION - - 71
OPERATIONS ON A LATHE - - 72
LATHE TOOLBITS 75
FEEDS AND SPEEDS - - 83
PRACTICE PROBLEMS 86
MILLING. 92
INTRODUCTION - - 92
FEEDS AND SPEEDS - - 97
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 103
GRINDING.. 106
OPERATIONS 106
MACHINE TYPES 106
GRINDING WHEELS - 108
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 110
SURFACES .. 111
MEASURES OF ROUGHNESS 112
METHODS OF MEASURING SURFACE ROUGHNESS 115
OTHER SYSTEMS 121
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 124
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 134
METROLOGY 143
INTRODUCTION - 143
DEFINITIONS 143
STANDARDS 144
INSTRUMENTS - - 147
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 155
GAUGE BLOCKS 171
MEASURING APARATUS 196
ASSEMBLY 203
THE BASICS OF FITS 203
C.S.A. B97-1 1963 LIMITS AND FITS(REWORK) - - 205
CSA MODIFIED FITS - 210
CSA LIMITS AND FITS - - 211
THE I.S.O. SYSTEM - - 214
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 214
WELDING/SOLDERING/BRAZING 216
ADHESIVE BONDING 217
ARC WELDING - - 217
GAS WELDING - - 219
SOLDERING AND BRAZING - 220
TITANIUM WELDING 221
PLASTIC WELDING - 223
EXPLOSIVE WELDING - - 229
AESTHETIC FINISHING. 233
CLEANING AND DEGREASING - 233
PAINTING 233
COATINGS - - 238
MARKING - - 238
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 240
METALLURGICAL TREATMENTS 241
HEAT TREATING 241
ION NITRIDING - 241
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 241
CASTING. 243
SAND CASTING - 244
SINGLE USE MOLD TECHNIQUES - - 249
MULTIPLE USE MOLD TECHNIQUES 255
OTHER TOPICS - - 261
Design of Castings - 262
REFERENECES - - 263
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 263
MOLDING 267
REACTION INJECTION MOLDING (RIM) 268
INJECTION MOLDING - - 274
EXTRUSION - 283
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 285
ROLLING AND BENDING 287
BASIC THEORY - 287
SHEET ROLLING 289
SHAPE ROLLING 290
BENDING 290
SHEET METAL FABRICATION 294
SHEET METAL PROPERTIES 294
SHEARING - - 294
DEEP DRAWING - 296
SPINNING 297
MAGNETIC PULSE FORMING 297
HYDROFORMING 299
SUPERPLASTIC FORMING - - 302
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 306
FORGING (to be expanded). 310
PROCESSES - 310
EXTRUSION AND DRAWING 310
DIE EXTRUSION - 310
HYDROSTATIC EXTRUSION 311
DRAWING - - 311
EQUIPMENT - 311
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 311
ELECTROFORMING. 311
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 313
COMPOSITE MANUFACTURING 314
FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS (FRP) 314
COMPOSITE MANUFACTURING 325
POWDERED METALLURGY.. 339
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 341
ABRASIVE JET MACHINING (AJM). 342
REFERENCES 346
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 346
HIGH PRESSURE JET CUTTING.. 346
ABRASIVE WATERJET CUTTING (AWJ) . 349
ULTRA SONIC MACHINING (USM) . 354
REFERENCES 367
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM) 369
WIRE EDM - - 372
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 375
REFERENCES 375
ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING (ECM) . 375
REFERENCES 385
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 385
ELECTRON BEAM MACHINING. 387
REFERENCES 393
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 394
ION IMPLANTATION .. 394
THIN LAYER DEPOSITION - - 397
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 397
ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING .. 398
ELECTROSTATIC ATOMIZATION METHOD - 398
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 401
AIR-PLASMA CUTTING 401
REFERENCES 404
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 404
LASER CUTTING 405
LASERS - 405
LASER CUTTING 413
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 420
RAPID PROTOTYPING 421
STL FILE FORMAT - - 421
STEREOLITHOGRAPHY - 424
BONDED POWDERS - 433
SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING (SLS) 435
SOLID GROUND CURING (SGC) - 438
FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING (FDM) 440
LAMINATE OBJECT MODELING (LOM) - 443
DIRECT SHELL PRODUCTION CASTING (DSPC) 447
BALLISTIC PARTICLE MANUFACTURING (BPM) 449
COMPARISONS - 451
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS - - 452
REFERENCES 452
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 454
PROCESS PLANNING.. 455
TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN FEATURES - 456
MOST SIGNIFICANT FEATURE FIRST - - 456
DATABASE METHODS - - 467
MANUFACTURING VOLUMES - - 468
STANDARD PARTS - - 469
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - - 469
REFERENCES 477